Company dynamics - Advance Energy (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd.

Jan
14
2022

Battery costs rise as lithium demand outstrips supply

The price of batteries looks set to rise in 2022 following a decade of sharp decline as supplies of lithium and other raw materials fail to keep up with ballooning demand. While mining companies scramble to increase production from existing facilities and develop new sources of supply, benchmark prices of lithium carbonate ended 2021 at records. In China, the biggest battery-producing country, the price was 261,500 yuan (just over $41,060) a ton, more than five times higher than last January. Other commodities used in cathodes, the most expensive part of a battery, have also been rising: The price of cobalt has doubled since last January to $70,208 a ton, while nickel jumped 15% to $20,045. The increases are undermining the technological and efficiency gains of recent years, when battery makers have worked hard together to develop long-life, high-performance batteries while trying to reduce costs. According to Bloomberg NEF, thanks to brisk sales in China. Further demand growth in 2022 will mean a lithium deficit this year as use of the material outstrips production and depletes stockpiles, according to a December report from S&P Global. The report said that according to S&P Global Market Intelligence, supply is forecast to jump to 636,000 metric tons of lithium carbonate equivalent in 2022, up from an estimated 497,000 in 2021 -- but demand will jump even higher to 641,000 tons, from an estimated 504,000. Gavin Montgomery, research director for battery raw materials at Wood Mackenzie, said lithium prices are unlikely to crash, as they did in previous cycles: "We're entering a sort of new era in terms of lithium pricing over the next few years because the growth will be so strong." In the short term, supplies will be limited. Producers in Australia closed down mines in 2020 after a period of low prices, and as COVID-19 lingers, it has proved difficult to rehire staffers and bring production back to pre-pandemic levels. Meanwhile, Chinese lithium-processing companies that make lithium carbonate were affected by restrictions on power use introduced suddenly in the autumn. Though some of those restrictions have eased, companies appear to be struggling to catch up. For cobalt, pandemic-induced transportation disruptions and border closures in Africa have been behind the soaring prices. The emergence of the omicron variant has added new disruptions in the main trade route from cobalt-producing Congo through the South African port of Durban to China. One lithium trader in Japan told Nikkei Asia they expect prices to remain at current high levels, saying, "Based on automakers' electric car targets, we doubt there is sufficient supply of raw material." New technologies such as all-solid-state batteries would need even greater amounts of lithium, the trader added. According to Bloomberg NEF, prices of lithium-ion battery packs were above $1,200 per kilowatt-hour in 2010 but plummeted to $132 by 2021. However, the company estimates that average prices could rise to $135 per kilowatt-hour in 2022. Cathode materials usually make up around 30% of the total cost of battery packs. The pressure is on to secure new supplies of raw materials Independent battery makers are racing to increase their sources of supply, including the likes of China's CATL, the world's biggest battery producer. China accounts for over 65% of global battery production and over half of lithium chemical production, a dominance that worries many in the car industry at a time of geopolitical tensions. "No country can compare to China in terms of cost competitiveness," said the Japanese lithium trader. "There are certainly geopolitical or China risks in the supply chain." Sanshiro Fukao, a senior fellow at the Itochu Research Institute, said carmakers see raw materials as "bargaining chips" in negotiations with battery makers, and failing to secure commodities would mean they would have no choice but to buy expensive batteries from them. In the global race to produce lower-cost electric vehicles, that could be fatal. Sourcing battery raw materials could soon prove as problematic for many carmakers as sourcing semiconductors has in the past year, Fukao said, and it is possible that carmakers may not be able to produce electric vehicles in the numbers planned due to shortages of materials. "Whether they can secure raw materials today determines if they can prevail 10 years from now," he said. ATTENTION：Pictures and articles are from the Internet, if there is any infringement, please contact us to delete it.
Jan
05
2022

HOW BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS WORK WITH SOLAR

Solar power has become more affordable, accessible, and popular all over the world than ever before. At Lithium Valley Solar Systems, we are always looking for new innovative ideas and technologies that can help us solve problems for our customers. Battery energy storage is one of those technologies. What Are Battery Energy Storage Systems? Battery energy storage systems are rechargeable battery systems that store energy from the solar system and provide that energy to a home or business. Because of their advanced technology, battery energy storage systems store surplus energy produced by solar panels, power your home or business off-grid, and provide emergency backup power when needed. How Do They Work? Battery energy storage systems work by converting the DC energy being produced by your solar panels and storing it as AC power for later use. The higher your battery’s capacity, the larger the solar system it can charge. Ultimately, solar batteries do the following: Charge. During daylight, the battery storage system is charged by clean electricity generated by solar. Optimize. Intelligent battery software uses algorithms to coordinate solar production, usage history, utility rate structures, and weather patterns to optimize when the stored energy is used. Discharge. Energy is discharged from the battery storage system during times of high usage, reducing or eliminating costly demand charges. When you install a solar battery as part of your solar panel system, you can store excess solar electricity instead of sending it back to the grid. If the solar panels produce more electricity than what is being used or needed, the excess energy goes towards charging the battery. Electricity will only go back to the grid when your battery is fully charged, and electricity will only be drawn from the grid when the battery is depleted. What’s the Lifespan of Solar Batteries? The general range for a solar battery’s lifespan is between 5 and 15 years. However, proper maintenance can also have a major effect on your solar battery’s lifespan. Solar batteries are significantly impacted by temperature, so protecting your battery from extreme temperatures can increase its lifespan. What Are the Different Types of Solar Batteries? Batteries used in residential energy storage are typically made with one of the following chemical compositions: lead acid or lithium ion. Lithium ion batteries are often considered to be the best option for a solar panel system, though other battery types can be more affordable. Lead acid batteries have a relatively short life and lower depth of discharge (DoD)* than other battery types, and they are also one of the least expensive options currently on the market. For homeowners who want to go off-the-grid and need to install a lot of energy storage, lead acid can be a good option. Lithium ion batteries are lighter and more compact than lead acid batteries. They also have a higher DoD and longer lifespan when compared to lead acid batteries. However, lithium ion batteries are more expensive than their lead acid counterparts. *DoD indicates the percentage of the battery that has been discharged relative to the overall capacity of the battery. For example, if you have a Tesla Powerwall that holds 13.5 kilowatt-hours (kWh) of electricity, and you discharge 13 kWh, the DoD is approximately 96 percent. The more frequently a battery is charged and discharged, the shorter its lifespan will be. Many battery manufacturers specify a maximum recommended DoD for optimal performance. Powerwall and Battery Storage The powerwall is a solar storage battery that allows you to maintain a sustained power supply, day or night. On a typical day, Powerwall will meet all of your home’s energy needs. A self-powered home combines solar energy and Powerwall to independently power. Powerwall integrates with your solar system to store excess energy produced during the day and makes it available only when you need it. Not only is Powerwall weatherproof, but it’s also a completely automated system that requires no maintenance. Best of all, the Powerwall can detect power outages, disconnect from the grid, and automatically become your home’s main energy source. Powerwall is then able to offer your home seamless backup power in a fraction of a second; your lights and appliances will continue to run without interruption. Without Powerwall, solar will shut down during an outage. Through the Tesla appl, you will have full visibility into your self-powered home. ATTENTION：Pictures and articles are from the Internet, if there is any infringement, please contact us to delete it.
Dec
24
2021

Wish You a Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year!

Wish you have a excellent and happy holiday with your family and friends. May your New Year filled with warmth, peace and happiness.
Nov
25
2021

What is a solar generator?

A solar generator is a device—usually working alongside solar panels—that provides essential automatic backup power to your home when you need it the most, like during power outages. But it can be confusing because there isn’t just one type of generator. They range in type, style, brand, size, and function. Generators have a huge lineup that offers a wide range of coverage to suit your needs, so let’s talk about them and see if we can’t give you a little clarity about solar generators, how they differ from other generators, and some key information that may help you decide whether or not to buy a solar generator. What are the different types of generators? Good question. There are three main types of generators that we feel are the most prevalent to residential homes, and those are: Portable generators Inverter generators Standby generators What’s the difference between each type of generator? Portable generators are exactly what they sound like—a generator that’s portable, meaning one you can use on the go. Normally powered by gas, diesel, propane, or a hybrid of each, portable generators are basically made up of an engine, a fuel tank, and alternator. The benefit of a portable generator is that you can take it around with you when you need to power your electronic devices outside of your home (camping, tailgating, boating, or social distancing at a park). This doesn’t mean you can’t use a portable generator to backup power to your home—you can do whatever you want—it just means you can also use a portable generator for times when you’re not at home as well. If you do use it at home, the downside of the portable generator is that you have to manually turn it on when you need to use it, but that’s pretty easy to do. Inverter generators are similar to portable generators in their core components (engine, fuel tank, and alternator), except they are also connected to an inverter. Just like with a solar energy system, the inverter takes the DC current and changes it back to AC current. Inverter generators also have the benefit of generating more stable, cleaner energy, and (here’s the kicker) some are even portable. So, an inverter generator can also be a portable generator, but they’re usually meant to help you provide backup power to your home during times when you need it most, like when the power goes out. Standby generators are not portable. Usually, run on propane or natural gas, standby generators are installed outside of your home and will automatically kick on once your power goes out. When the power is back on, your standby generator will detect the reinitiated power and automatically return to standby mode until it detects the next power outage. Standby generators are more permanent and require a more complicated set up than an inverter generator or a portable generator, but having one means you don’t ever have to manually set up your generator to cover your power needs when an outage occurs. So, what is a solar generator? Solar generators are also portable but don’t include the moving components. They are essentially made up of an inverter, solar panels, a solar panel battery, and a battery charger. The solar panels on a solar generator capture energy from the sun and store that energy in a battery that is built into the generator. The inverter then takes that energy and converts it from DC power to AC power before releasing it. Once released, you can use the energy to power various household appliances and/or electronic devices when they need them most, such as during a power outage. ATTENTION：Pictures and articles are from the Internet, if there is any infringement, please contact us to delete it.
Oct
20
2021

What if the lithium battery catches fire？ Fire precautions for lithium batteries

According to the Local Fire Service of Australia (CFA), on July.30 2021 a fire broke out at an electrical storage facility in Moorabool, Australia, a 13-tonne Set of Tesla Megapack batteries caught fire and more than 30 fire engines arrived at the scene to take part in the operation, which took 150 firefighters four days to contain until August 3. Battery fire is an extreme safety accident, large to energy storage power station, small to electronic toys, battery fire is not necessarily the cause of the battery (core), may also be caused by electrical failure of the battery system. What if the battery catches fire? The cause of the fire in the lithium battery The essence of lithium battery fire is that the heat in the battery is not released according to the design intention, causing the internal and external combustion material to catch fire after ignition, the main causes are external short circuit, external high temperature and internal short circuit. 1, internal short circuit: due to the abuse of batteries, such as overcharged, battery production process dust and other long-term use of dust and dust to produce a micro-short circuit, the release of electrical energy led to temperature rise, temperature rise brought about by the material chemical reaction expanded the short circuit path, forming a larger short-circuit current, resulting in out-of-control heat fire. 2, external short circuit: take electric vehicle as an example, in the extreme case, short circuit point over the vehicle fuse, while the battery management system failure, a longer period of time external short circuit will generally lead to the connection weak point in the circuit burned, thus causing the external short circuit fire. 3, external high temperature: due to the characteristics of lithium battery structure, high temperature core internal material decomposition reaction, electrolyte decomposition will also react with positive and negative poles, core diaphragm will melt and decompose, a variety of reactions lead to a large amount of heat generation. The melting of the diaphragm causes the internal short circuit, the core explosion-proof film to rupture, the electrolyte ejection, resulting in burning fire. Lithium battery fire extinguishing procedures Analyzing the causes of battery fires, when lithium batteries need to be put out to fight fires, let's look at Tesla's recommendations: 1, if encountered a small fire, the flame did not spread to the high-pressure battery part, can use carbon dioxide or ABC dry powder fire extinguisher fire extinguisher. 2, in a thorough inspection of the fire, do not come into contact with any high-voltage components, always use insulation tools to check. 3, if the high voltage battery in the fire bending, twisting, damage, in short, become not like, or suspect that the battery problem. Then the water consumption when extinguishing the fire should not be too small, fire water should be sufficient. Battery fire may take 24 hours to completely extinguish. Using a thermal camera ensures that the high voltage battery is completely cooled before the accident is completely complete. If you do not have a thermal camera, you must monitor the battery for re-ignition. Smoke indicates that the battery is still hot and monitoring will remain in control until at least an hour after the battery is no longer smoking. According to the U.S. Fire Protection Agency, electric vehicles can catch fire "over 2,760 degrees Celsius" and "the use of water or foam can cause violent flames, as water molecules break down into explosive hydrogen and oxygen." So it's not safe to put out a small amount of water, and an electric car alone requires dozens of tons of water. Simply, lithium battery fire fighting uses a lot of water to cool the battery, it takes a long time and patience, cooling is the key. Electrical safety monitoring subsystem Energy storage systems and fire protection systems are not separate units, but should become a centralized and intelligent whole, improving the system flexibility and safety of fire protection systems is fundamental to ensuring the commercialization of energy storage systems. In the future, the new energy storage mode and fire protection plan will increase, and the energy storage fire protection system will gradually tend to be centralized and intelligent.
Oct
15
2021

What is lithium iron phosphate?

LiFePO4 material is important for various lithium-ion batteries. Compared with the traditional cathode materials for lithium-ion secondary batteries, LiMn204 with spinel structure and LiCoO2 with a layered structure, LiMPO4 has a wider source of raw materials, lower price, and no environmental pollution. Lithium-ion iron phosphate battery refers to a lithium-ion battery that uses lithium iron phosphate as the cathode material. There are many kinds of cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries, including lithium diamond, lithium manganese, lithium nickel, ternary materials, lithium iron phosphate, and so on. Among them, lithium diamond is the cathode material used in most lithium-ion batteries at present, while other cathode materials have not been produced in large quantities in the market due to many reasons. Lithium-iron phosphate is also one of the lithium-ion batteries. From the principle of material, lithium iron phosphate is also an embedding/de-embedding process, this principle is the same as lithium diamond, lithium manganate. 1. Performance characteristics of lithium iron phosphate (1) High energy density The theoretical specific capacity of lithium iron phosphate is 170mAh/g, and the actual specific capacity of the product can exceed 140mAh/g (0.2C, 25 ℃); (2) Security LiFePO4 is the safest cathode material for lithium-ion batteries. Does not contain any harmful heavy metal elements to the human body; (3) long life Under 100%DOD condition, it can charge and discharge more than 2000 times; (Reason: lithium iron phosphate crystal lattice stability, lithium-ion embedding, and detachment on the lattice have little effect, so it has good reversibility. The shortcomings of the existence of the electron-ion transfer rate are poor, not suitable for large current charge and discharge, in the application of block. Solution: The electrode surface is coated with conductive materials and doped to modify the electrode. (4) No memory effect (5) Charging performance Lithium-ion batteries, which use lithium iron phosphate as the cathode material, can be charged at a high rate and can be fully charged in as little as an hour. 2. Physical parameters of lithium iron phosphate (1) Particle size distribution The powder sample is divided into several grades according to different particle sizes, and the percentage of each grade powder (by mass, by quantity, or by volume). Several key metrics representing granularity characteristics: ①D50: the particle size of a sample when the cumulative particle size distribution percentage reaches 50%. Its physical significance is that the particle size is larger than it accounts for 50%, the particle size is less than it also accounts for 50%, D50 is also called the median diameter or median particle size. D50 is often used to indicate the average particle size of the powder. ②D97: The particle size corresponding to the cumulative particle size distribution of a sample reaches 97%. Its physical meaning is that the particle size is smaller than it accounts for 97%. D97 is commonly used to represent the particle size index of the coarse end of the powder. The meanings and physical meanings of other parameters such as D16 and D90 are similar to those of D97. (2) Tapdensity The mass per unit volume of powder in a container that has not been vibrated under specified conditions. P = m/v type: P the solid density of a powder, g/cm3 M the mass of the powder, G V The volume of a powder after vibration, cm3 (3) Specific surface area The total surface area of a particle per unit volume or mass, m2/g (4) Carbon content (C%) The amount of carbon per unit volume or mass, unit: % (5) moisture The amount of water per unit volume or mass XRD (X-Raydiffraction) X-ray diffraction (XRD) is a research method that analyzes the diffraction pattern of material by X-ray diffraction to obtain information on the composition of the material and the structure or morphology of the atoms or molecules within the material. (7) gram capacity The amount of electricity that can be produced per unit weight of a battery or active substance, per mAh per gram. ATTENTION：Pictures and articles are from the Internet, if there is any infringement, please contact us to delete it.
Sep
14
2021

What's the Difference Between Lithium and Lithium-ion (Li-ion) Batteries?

Batteries are an incredible resource of the modern-day, they power everything from cell phones, to wireless automatic vacuum cleaners, to all different types of cameras. There are numerous different varieties of battery which serve many different purposes, but two we hear about more than any are lithium and lithium-ion batteries. You might have had to make a decision in the past regarding these two different battery types, but do you really know what they are? To get the most out of your batteries, it’s a good idea to have some knowledge about Lithium and Lithium-ion batteries which come in all shapes and sizes like 95Wh batteries and 190Wh batteries. We’ll explain everything you need to know about Lithium batteries and their Lithium-ion cousins, including how they work, what they’re made from, and even how to recycle your old used batteries. Then, we’ll lay out the important differences between Lithium and Lithium-ion batteries, so you can make an informed decision about which to use. What is a Battery? To understand the similarities and differences between Lithium and Lithium-ion batteries, you need a basic understanding of what constitutes a battery, and how they work. All batteries are made up of the same three basic components; the anode (negative - side), the cathode (positive + side), and some sort of electrolyte. When the cathode and anode of a battery are connected to an electrical circuit, a chemical reaction occurs between the anode and electrolyte. Electrons flow through the circuit from the anode, and then enter back through the cathode and prompt another chemical reaction. These reactions continue until the materials are consumed, at which point no more electricity is produced by the battery. Both Lithium and Lithium-ion batteries produce portable electricity in this manner and can be used to power all sorts of different devices and electrical circuits. Batteries are incredibly useful components that allow us all sorts of luxuries, without them we would have to start cars by hand, and phones would still all be attached to the wall. What is a Lithium Battery? Lithium batteries are primary cell batteries, which means they cannot be recharged once empty. They use the metal lithium as an anode. Lithium batteries have a high charge density, meaning they last longer than other batteries and can hold more power. Depending on their design, lithium batteries can produce electricity with a voltage of between 1.5 and 3.7 V. The metal used in lithium batteries is very reactive, pure lithium will instantly react with water, and even moisture in the air. Lithium batteries are used in many electronic devices, from electric toy cars to full-sized vehicles. Although their high power capacity makes them very useful, the fact that they cannot be easily or even safely recharged meant that many companies began to look for other alternatives. The disposable batteries many of us have around our homes are not very good for the environment, which is why many people and companies decide to use Lithium-ion batteries like this beautiful 900W Lithium Polymer Battery instead. What is a Lithium-ion Battery? Lithium-ion batteries are secondary cells, meaning that they can be recharged and reused. These batteries are incredibly popular today, and our everyday lives would be quite different without them. Your laptop, cell phone, tablet, and camera all depend on Lithium-ion batteries to keep them working, as these rechargeable batteries are highly effective. The electrodes of Lithium-ion batteries are made from lithium and carbon, making them much lighter in weight than other rechargeable batteries. Lithium-ion batteries are also great at holding their charge, losing only around 5% of their power every month they aren’t used. Another benefit of Lithium-ion batteries is that they have no memory effect. Ever remember being told that you need to completely discharge your batteries before plugging them in to recharge? That doesn’t apply to Lithium-ion batteries. These excellent rechargeable batteries can handle being charged and emptied hundreds of times before deteriorating. Lithium-ion batteries are quite complex in nature, unlike the simplicity of a plain old Lithium battery. Within a lithium-ion battery, you would find multiple lithium-ion cells which store and provide the power. However, Li-ion batteries have other components too. A small computer within the battery monitors and regulates the temperature, voltage, and the state of battery charge, all from within the unit. This tiny system is necessary to keep your battery functioning as it should and is also responsible for the 5% power loss per month these rechargeable batteries experience. What’s the Difference Between Lithium and Lithium-ion Batteries? The biggest difference between Lithium batteries and Lithium-ion batteries is that Lithium batteries feature a single cell construction, meaning that they are single-use and cannot be recharged once empty. On the other hand, Lithium-ion batteries can be used time after time, they are rechargeable and can be charged and emptied hundreds of times. If they’re sitting on a shelf unused, then Lithium batteries actually last much longer. A lithium battery can last for 10 to 12 years while retaining its charge, whilst Lithium-ion batteries only last from 2 to 3 years. You might not know that these two aren’t actually the only types of Lithium batteries you can get; check out our article on the difference between Lithium-ion and Lithium-polymer batteries. Although Lithium-ion batteries might seem much better, especially from a waste point of view, there are still some properties that make Lithium batteries incredibly useful. They have a much higher energy density than lithium-ion batteries, meaning they hold more charge in comparison to their size. Lithium batteries can provide power from a single charge, even if it’s the only charge they’ll ever have. Unfortunately, there is no safe or effective way to recharge Lithium batteries, which is why Lithium-ion batteries were invented in the first place. Additionally, Lithium batteries are cheaper and easier to manufacture, meaning they cost less to purchase. Lithium v.s. Lithium-ion Batteries: Which are Better? There are many different uses for batteries, as anything which needs a portable power source uses them. The kind of battery which is better depends entirely on your use, that’s why both types of battery are still produced and used all over the world today. Modern life depends heavily on batteries for portable power, they’re vital to our personal electronics, cars and transport, even our medical care. Lithium batteries are the better choice for powering devices where long battery life is imperative. Examples include watches, film cameras, pacemakers, hearing aids, remote controls, calculators, and smoke detectors. All of these items need a long-lasting source of power without needing to be plugged into mains electricity all of the time, so a Lithium battery is an ideal choice. The cases where Lithium-ion batteries are much more favorable require frequent recharging to be convenient. The Lithium-ion battery in your mobile phone generally lasts around a day, but you can recharge it every day for years without losing too much function. Devices like laptops, digital cameras, solar power storage, portable power packs, and any sort of wireless technology all rely on rechargeable Lithium-ion batteries to function. They need the ability to recharge without replacing parts because of their incredibly frequent use. Neither type of battery should be exposed to hot temperatures, as this could risk permanent damage and can even be dangerous. Store your batteries in a cool, dry place at regular room temperature. For more information, read our article on how to store your Lithium-ion battery properly. A Better Battery for a Better World Lithium and lithium-ion batteries are both incredibly useful and make huge contributions to most people’s daily lives. Their applications are endless, from lifesaving medical technology to remote control toy cars, it’s hard to imagine a modern world without them. Both these types of batteries provide a form of portable power, they will provide charge to a compatible electric circuit no matter where you are. The difference between lithium and lithium-ion batteries is that one is not rechargeable (primary cell) and the other can be recharged (secondary cell). In addition to this, Lithium batteries have a shelf life up to four times longer than lithium-ion batteries and are also much cheaper and easier to make. Until some new power technology comes about, Lithium-ion batteries will always be the best choice for the electronics we use every day. This goes for your cell phone, your digital camera, and even your electric toothbrush. Conversely, the items we rely on to hold their charge for extended periods of time are best powered using Lithium batteries. Whether it’s a medical pacemaker or safety features like a smoke alarm, Lithium batteries are preferred as they last for so much longer. And, although we’d like to point out that it’s very rare, Lithium-ion batteries have been known to catch fire and explode, a feature we thankfully don’t see from Lithium batteries. ATTENTION：Pictures and articles are from the Internet, if there is any infringement, please contact us to delete it.
Aug
25
2021

LiFePO4 battery cell matching standard and unbalanced treatment method

1. Cell matching standard 1.1 After receiving the battery cell, leave its voltage empty and put it aside for a week before proceeding with the matching selection. 1.2 Cell standard: empty voltage 2.7±0.1v, 2.8±0.1v; internal resistance ≤1m Ω; capacity ≥100Ah 1.3 Matching standard: voltage difference≤0.1V; internal resistance≤0.5mΩ; capacity difference≤1Ah 2. Treatment method of unbalanced cells 2.1 If there is an unbalance during use, it needs to be balanced. First, test the voltage of the single string to find out the unbalanced string and see if the voltage of the single string is too high or the voltage of the single string is too low. Then proceed to the next step. 2.2 If the voltage of a single string is too high, discharge the entire battery pack to protective voltage. Then, test the voltage of a single string, and use an adjustable load to discharge the battery voltage. Just make it similar with the other 15 strings. Or use a resistor to discharge. (Note: If you use an adjustable load, you need to pay attention to its voltage state to prevent the voltage from being over-discharged, which will lead to scrap; if you use a resistor to discharge, the resistor has its own over-discharge protection. But if you use a resistor for too long and so many times, you can use a single battery to discharge to test whether it is still over-discharged protective.) （taking 16S for example) 2.3 If the voltage of a single string is low, and the remaining voltages are high, the entire battery pack needs to be discharged, and the adjustable power supply is used to charge the low string of batteries. The charging current can be larger than the discharging current. (Note: When using an adjustable power supply, set the voltage to be 3.65V. The current is variable. Note that the voltage needs to be tested at any time. When the voltage is similar with other voltages, please stop discharging.) 2.4 If the entire battery pack is discharged to the protective voltage without protection, it means that the BMS has been damaged and needs to be replaced. 4S protection voltage: 8-10V; 8S protection voltage: 16-20V; 12S protection voltage: 24-30V; 16S The protection voltage: 32-40V. The minimum over-discharge protective voltage of a single cell is 2.0V; (If the voltage is as low as these voltages, please stop using it in time to prevent damage to the cell by putting the cell to 0V without any protection)
Aug
04
2021

Performance of Lithium Iron Phosphate

High Energy Density Its theoretical specific capacity is 170 mAh/g, and the actual specific capacity of the product can exceed 140 mAh/g (0.2C, 25°C); Safety It is the safest cathode material for lithium-ion batteries; does not contain any heavy metal elements harmful to the human body; Long Life Under the condition of 100% DOD, it can charge and discharge more than 2000 times; (reason: lithium iron phosphate lattice stability is good, the insertion and extraction of lithium ions have little effect on the lattice, so it has good reversibility. Existing shortcomings The electrode has poor ion conductivity, which is not suitable for high-current charging and discharging, and is hindered in application. The solution: coating the electrode surface with conductive material and doping to modify the electrode.) The service life of a lithium iron phosphate battery is closely related to its use temperature. Too low or too high a use temperature will cause great hidden dangers in the charging and discharging process and use process. Especially used in electric vehicles in northern China, in autumn and winter, the lithium iron phosphate battery cannot supply power normally or the power supply is too low, and its working environment temperature needs to be adjusted to maintain its performance. The domestic solution to the constant temperature working environment of lithium iron phosphate batteries requires consideration of space limitations. The most common solution is to use aerogel felt as an insulation layer. Charging Performance The lithium battery with lithium iron phosphate cathode material can be charged at a high rate, and the battery can be fully charged within 1 hour at the fastest. Specific physical parameters: Bulk density: 0.7g/cm³ Tap density: 1.2g/cm³ Median diameter: 2-6um Specific surface area: less than 30m^2/g Smear parameters: LiFePo4:C:PVDF=90:3:7 Compaction density of pole piece: 2.1-2.4g/cm³ Electrochemical performance: Gram capacity: greater than 155mAh/g Test conditions: half-cell, 0.2C, voltage 4.0-2.0V Cycle life: more than 2000 times ATTENTION：Pictures and articles are from the Internet, if there is any infringement, please contact us to delete it.
Jul
13
2021

What is a good Battery Management System and Why is it important?

As the name explains, in simple words it is an electronic board which sits with the battery and manages, controls, protects the power flow from and to the battery. The main motive of having a BMS is to keep the battery safe. Now, Batteries as you know are a power source having some chemicals inside which give out electrical energy. This electrical energy may be used for any application. The most prominent application nowadays is the usage of batteries in Electric Vehicles. Perception In the Electric Vehicle domain, the battery users generally don’t worry much about this board in detail, if it just states that the circuit will be cut-off during any emergency situation, it seems more than sufficient to them. If it only has to protect, it would rather be called a Battery Protection Board. Significance Apart from the over-limit protection, a good BMS is also responsible for State of Charge estimation, State of Health estimation, Cell Balancing, Depth of Discharge control, State of power estimation, Data logging for cycle life monitor etc. The significance of a BMS can be determined by how accurately it conveys information about what happens inside a battery to the user/controller in order to have the most efficient use of the power source. Scenarios When we drive a petrol vehicle, we see the petrol analog meter or just open the tank lid and judge how many kilometres are left or up to which destination we can drive with the left fuel. But with EVs it is going to be slightly different. Battery behavior is not the same as of that of fuel, nowadays where lithium ion batteries are majorly used, it is not so simple to measure what exact capacity is remaining and how long will it last. So just imagine at any point while driving you actually do not know how long you can drive it for. That’s a serious issue! Not only for you but accurate estimations and measurements give a very important feedback to the controllers in the vehicle which in turn take the protective actions. It reduces the risk of damage up to a great extent. It is so calculated that an optimized performance of the battery increases the lifetime of the battery as well. That’s how important it is to read the battery properly, use it and feed it the way it needs. Approach The first and foremost people who need to consider this are the vehicle manufacturers and later the customers who are buying the vehicle. The demand of locally made solutions are important to support the manufacturers as well. All in all, if we forecast a future of EVs it is important to build the industry. ATTENTION：Pictures and articles are from the Internet, if there is any infringement, please contact us to delete it.