Company dynamics - Advance Energy (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd.

Nov
25
2021

What is a solar generator?

A solar generator is a device—usually working alongside solar panels—that provides essential automatic backup power to your home when you need it the most, like during power outages. But it can be confusing because there isn’t just one type of generator. They range in type, style, brand, size, and function. Generators have a huge lineup that offers a wide range of coverage to suit your needs, so let’s talk about them and see if we can’t give you a little clarity about solar generators, how they differ from other generators, and some key information that may help you decide whether or not to buy a solar generator. What are the different types of generators? Good question. There are three main types of generators that we feel are the most prevalent to residential homes, and those are: Portable generators Inverter generators Standby generators What’s the difference between each type of generator? Portable generators are exactly what they sound like—a generator that’s portable, meaning one you can use on the go. Normally powered by gas, diesel, propane, or a hybrid of each, portable generators are basically made up of an engine, a fuel tank, and alternator. The benefit of a portable generator is that you can take it around with you when you need to power your electronic devices outside of your home (camping, tailgating, boating, or social distancing at a park). This doesn’t mean you can’t use a portable generator to backup power to your home—you can do whatever you want—it just means you can also use a portable generator for times when you’re not at home as well. If you do use it at home, the downside of the portable generator is that you have to manually turn it on when you need to use it, but that’s pretty easy to do. Inverter generators are similar to portable generators in their core components (engine, fuel tank, and alternator), except they are also connected to an inverter. Just like with a solar energy system, the inverter takes the DC current and changes it back to AC current. Inverter generators also have the benefit of generating more stable, cleaner energy, and (here’s the kicker) some are even portable. So, an inverter generator can also be a portable generator, but they’re usually meant to help you provide backup power to your home during times when you need it most, like when the power goes out. Standby generators are not portable. Usually, run on propane or natural gas, standby generators are installed outside of your home and will automatically kick on once your power goes out. When the power is back on, your standby generator will detect the reinitiated power and automatically return to standby mode until it detects the next power outage. Standby generators are more permanent and require a more complicated set up than an inverter generator or a portable generator, but having one means you don’t ever have to manually set up your generator to cover your power needs when an outage occurs. So, what is a solar generator? Solar generators are also portable but don’t include the moving components. They are essentially made up of an inverter, solar panels, a solar panel battery, and a battery charger. The solar panels on a solar generator capture energy from the sun and store that energy in a battery that is built into the generator. The inverter then takes that energy and converts it from DC power to AC power before releasing it. Once released, you can use the energy to power various household appliances and/or electronic devices when they need them most, such as during a power outage. ATTENTION：Pictures and articles are from the Internet, if there is any infringement, please contact us to delete it.
Oct
20
2021

What if the lithium battery catches fire？ Fire precautions for lithium batteries

According to the Local Fire Service of Australia (CFA), on July.30 2021 a fire broke out at an electrical storage facility in Moorabool, Australia, a 13-tonne Set of Tesla Megapack batteries caught fire and more than 30 fire engines arrived at the scene to take part in the operation, which took 150 firefighters four days to contain until August 3. Battery fire is an extreme safety accident, large to energy storage power station, small to electronic toys, battery fire is not necessarily the cause of the battery (core), may also be caused by electrical failure of the battery system. What if the battery catches fire? The cause of the fire in the lithium battery The essence of lithium battery fire is that the heat in the battery is not released according to the design intention, causing the internal and external combustion material to catch fire after ignition, the main causes are external short circuit, external high temperature and internal short circuit. 1, internal short circuit: due to the abuse of batteries, such as overcharged, battery production process dust and other long-term use of dust and dust to produce a micro-short circuit, the release of electrical energy led to temperature rise, temperature rise brought about by the material chemical reaction expanded the short circuit path, forming a larger short-circuit current, resulting in out-of-control heat fire. 2, external short circuit: take electric vehicle as an example, in the extreme case, short circuit point over the vehicle fuse, while the battery management system failure, a longer period of time external short circuit will generally lead to the connection weak point in the circuit burned, thus causing the external short circuit fire. 3, external high temperature: due to the characteristics of lithium battery structure, high temperature core internal material decomposition reaction, electrolyte decomposition will also react with positive and negative poles, core diaphragm will melt and decompose, a variety of reactions lead to a large amount of heat generation. The melting of the diaphragm causes the internal short circuit, the core explosion-proof film to rupture, the electrolyte ejection, resulting in burning fire. Lithium battery fire extinguishing procedures Analyzing the causes of battery fires, when lithium batteries need to be put out to fight fires, let's look at Tesla's recommendations: 1, if encountered a small fire, the flame did not spread to the high-pressure battery part, can use carbon dioxide or ABC dry powder fire extinguisher fire extinguisher. 2, in a thorough inspection of the fire, do not come into contact with any high-voltage components, always use insulation tools to check. 3, if the high voltage battery in the fire bending, twisting, damage, in short, become not like, or suspect that the battery problem. Then the water consumption when extinguishing the fire should not be too small, fire water should be sufficient. Battery fire may take 24 hours to completely extinguish. Using a thermal camera ensures that the high voltage battery is completely cooled before the accident is completely complete. If you do not have a thermal camera, you must monitor the battery for re-ignition. Smoke indicates that the battery is still hot and monitoring will remain in control until at least an hour after the battery is no longer smoking. According to the U.S. Fire Protection Agency, electric vehicles can catch fire "over 2,760 degrees Celsius" and "the use of water or foam can cause violent flames, as water molecules break down into explosive hydrogen and oxygen." So it's not safe to put out a small amount of water, and an electric car alone requires dozens of tons of water. Simply, lithium battery fire fighting uses a lot of water to cool the battery, it takes a long time and patience, cooling is the key. Electrical safety monitoring subsystem Energy storage systems and fire protection systems are not separate units, but should become a centralized and intelligent whole, improving the system flexibility and safety of fire protection systems is fundamental to ensuring the commercialization of energy storage systems. In the future, the new energy storage mode and fire protection plan will increase, and the energy storage fire protection system will gradually tend to be centralized and intelligent.
Oct
15
2021

What is lithium iron phosphate?

LiFePO4 material is important for various lithium-ion batteries. Compared with the traditional cathode materials for lithium-ion secondary batteries, LiMn204 with spinel structure and LiCoO2 with a layered structure, LiMPO4 has a wider source of raw materials, lower price, and no environmental pollution. Lithium-ion iron phosphate battery refers to a lithium-ion battery that uses lithium iron phosphate as the cathode material. There are many kinds of cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries, including lithium diamond, lithium manganese, lithium nickel, ternary materials, lithium iron phosphate, and so on. Among them, lithium diamond is the cathode material used in most lithium-ion batteries at present, while other cathode materials have not been produced in large quantities in the market due to many reasons. Lithium-iron phosphate is also one of the lithium-ion batteries. From the principle of material, lithium iron phosphate is also an embedding/de-embedding process, this principle is the same as lithium diamond, lithium manganate. 1. Performance characteristics of lithium iron phosphate (1) High energy density The theoretical specific capacity of lithium iron phosphate is 170mAh/g, and the actual specific capacity of the product can exceed 140mAh/g (0.2C, 25 ℃); (2) Security LiFePO4 is the safest cathode material for lithium-ion batteries. Does not contain any harmful heavy metal elements to the human body; (3) long life Under 100%DOD condition, it can charge and discharge more than 2000 times; (Reason: lithium iron phosphate crystal lattice stability, lithium-ion embedding, and detachment on the lattice have little effect, so it has good reversibility. The shortcomings of the existence of the electron-ion transfer rate are poor, not suitable for large current charge and discharge, in the application of block. Solution: The electrode surface is coated with conductive materials and doped to modify the electrode. (4) No memory effect (5) Charging performance Lithium-ion batteries, which use lithium iron phosphate as the cathode material, can be charged at a high rate and can be fully charged in as little as an hour. 2. Physical parameters of lithium iron phosphate (1) Particle size distribution The powder sample is divided into several grades according to different particle sizes, and the percentage of each grade powder (by mass, by quantity, or by volume). Several key metrics representing granularity characteristics: ①D50: the particle size of a sample when the cumulative particle size distribution percentage reaches 50%. Its physical significance is that the particle size is larger than it accounts for 50%, the particle size is less than it also accounts for 50%, D50 is also called the median diameter or median particle size. D50 is often used to indicate the average particle size of the powder. ②D97: The particle size corresponding to the cumulative particle size distribution of a sample reaches 97%. Its physical meaning is that the particle size is smaller than it accounts for 97%. D97 is commonly used to represent the particle size index of the coarse end of the powder. The meanings and physical meanings of other parameters such as D16 and D90 are similar to those of D97. (2) Tapdensity The mass per unit volume of powder in a container that has not been vibrated under specified conditions. P = m/v type: P the solid density of a powder, g/cm3 M the mass of the powder, G V The volume of a powder after vibration, cm3 (3) Specific surface area The total surface area of a particle per unit volume or mass, m2/g (4) Carbon content (C%) The amount of carbon per unit volume or mass, unit: % (5) moisture The amount of water per unit volume or mass XRD (X-Raydiffraction) X-ray diffraction (XRD) is a research method that analyzes the diffraction pattern of material by X-ray diffraction to obtain information on the composition of the material and the structure or morphology of the atoms or molecules within the material. (7) gram capacity The amount of electricity that can be produced per unit weight of a battery or active substance, per mAh per gram. ATTENTION：Pictures and articles are from the Internet, if there is any infringement, please contact us to delete it.
Sep
14
2021

What's the Difference Between Lithium and Lithium-ion (Li-ion) Batteries?

Batteries are an incredible resource of the modern-day, they power everything from cell phones, to wireless automatic vacuum cleaners, to all different types of cameras. There are numerous different varieties of battery which serve many different purposes, but two we hear about more than any are lithium and lithium-ion batteries. You might have had to make a decision in the past regarding these two different battery types, but do you really know what they are? To get the most out of your batteries, it’s a good idea to have some knowledge about Lithium and Lithium-ion batteries which come in all shapes and sizes like 95Wh batteries and 190Wh batteries. We’ll explain everything you need to know about Lithium batteries and their Lithium-ion cousins, including how they work, what they’re made from, and even how to recycle your old used batteries. Then, we’ll lay out the important differences between Lithium and Lithium-ion batteries, so you can make an informed decision about which to use. What is a Battery? To understand the similarities and differences between Lithium and Lithium-ion batteries, you need a basic understanding of what constitutes a battery, and how they work. All batteries are made up of the same three basic components; the anode (negative - side), the cathode (positive + side), and some sort of electrolyte. When the cathode and anode of a battery are connected to an electrical circuit, a chemical reaction occurs between the anode and electrolyte. Electrons flow through the circuit from the anode, and then enter back through the cathode and prompt another chemical reaction. These reactions continue until the materials are consumed, at which point no more electricity is produced by the battery. Both Lithium and Lithium-ion batteries produce portable electricity in this manner and can be used to power all sorts of different devices and electrical circuits. Batteries are incredibly useful components that allow us all sorts of luxuries, without them we would have to start cars by hand, and phones would still all be attached to the wall. What is a Lithium Battery? Lithium batteries are primary cell batteries, which means they cannot be recharged once empty. They use the metal lithium as an anode. Lithium batteries have a high charge density, meaning they last longer than other batteries and can hold more power. Depending on their design, lithium batteries can produce electricity with a voltage of between 1.5 and 3.7 V. The metal used in lithium batteries is very reactive, pure lithium will instantly react with water, and even moisture in the air. Lithium batteries are used in many electronic devices, from electric toy cars to full-sized vehicles. Although their high power capacity makes them very useful, the fact that they cannot be easily or even safely recharged meant that many companies began to look for other alternatives. The disposable batteries many of us have around our homes are not very good for the environment, which is why many people and companies decide to use Lithium-ion batteries like this beautiful 900W Lithium Polymer Battery instead. What is a Lithium-ion Battery? Lithium-ion batteries are secondary cells, meaning that they can be recharged and reused. These batteries are incredibly popular today, and our everyday lives would be quite different without them. Your laptop, cell phone, tablet, and camera all depend on Lithium-ion batteries to keep them working, as these rechargeable batteries are highly effective. The electrodes of Lithium-ion batteries are made from lithium and carbon, making them much lighter in weight than other rechargeable batteries. Lithium-ion batteries are also great at holding their charge, losing only around 5% of their power every month they aren’t used. Another benefit of Lithium-ion batteries is that they have no memory effect. Ever remember being told that you need to completely discharge your batteries before plugging them in to recharge? That doesn’t apply to Lithium-ion batteries. These excellent rechargeable batteries can handle being charged and emptied hundreds of times before deteriorating. Lithium-ion batteries are quite complex in nature, unlike the simplicity of a plain old Lithium battery. Within a lithium-ion battery, you would find multiple lithium-ion cells which store and provide the power. However, Li-ion batteries have other components too. A small computer within the battery monitors and regulates the temperature, voltage, and the state of battery charge, all from within the unit. This tiny system is necessary to keep your battery functioning as it should and is also responsible for the 5% power loss per month these rechargeable batteries experience. What’s the Difference Between Lithium and Lithium-ion Batteries? The biggest difference between Lithium batteries and Lithium-ion batteries is that Lithium batteries feature a single cell construction, meaning that they are single-use and cannot be recharged once empty. On the other hand, Lithium-ion batteries can be used time after time, they are rechargeable and can be charged and emptied hundreds of times. If they’re sitting on a shelf unused, then Lithium batteries actually last much longer. A lithium battery can last for 10 to 12 years while retaining its charge, whilst Lithium-ion batteries only last from 2 to 3 years. You might not know that these two aren’t actually the only types of Lithium batteries you can get; check out our article on the difference between Lithium-ion and Lithium-polymer batteries. Although Lithium-ion batteries might seem much better, especially from a waste point of view, there are still some properties that make Lithium batteries incredibly useful. They have a much higher energy density than lithium-ion batteries, meaning they hold more charge in comparison to their size. Lithium batteries can provide power from a single charge, even if it’s the only charge they’ll ever have. Unfortunately, there is no safe or effective way to recharge Lithium batteries, which is why Lithium-ion batteries were invented in the first place. Additionally, Lithium batteries are cheaper and easier to manufacture, meaning they cost less to purchase. Lithium v.s. Lithium-ion Batteries: Which are Better? There are many different uses for batteries, as anything which needs a portable power source uses them. The kind of battery which is better depends entirely on your use, that’s why both types of battery are still produced and used all over the world today. Modern life depends heavily on batteries for portable power, they’re vital to our personal electronics, cars and transport, even our medical care. Lithium batteries are the better choice for powering devices where long battery life is imperative. Examples include watches, film cameras, pacemakers, hearing aids, remote controls, calculators, and smoke detectors. All of these items need a long-lasting source of power without needing to be plugged into mains electricity all of the time, so a Lithium battery is an ideal choice. The cases where Lithium-ion batteries are much more favorable require frequent recharging to be convenient. The Lithium-ion battery in your mobile phone generally lasts around a day, but you can recharge it every day for years without losing too much function. Devices like laptops, digital cameras, solar power storage, portable power packs, and any sort of wireless technology all rely on rechargeable Lithium-ion batteries to function. They need the ability to recharge without replacing parts because of their incredibly frequent use. Neither type of battery should be exposed to hot temperatures, as this could risk permanent damage and can even be dangerous. Store your batteries in a cool, dry place at regular room temperature. For more information, read our article on how to store your Lithium-ion battery properly. A Better Battery for a Better World Lithium and lithium-ion batteries are both incredibly useful and make huge contributions to most people’s daily lives. Their applications are endless, from lifesaving medical technology to remote control toy cars, it’s hard to imagine a modern world without them. Both these types of batteries provide a form of portable power, they will provide charge to a compatible electric circuit no matter where you are. The difference between lithium and lithium-ion batteries is that one is not rechargeable (primary cell) and the other can be recharged (secondary cell). In addition to this, Lithium batteries have a shelf life up to four times longer than lithium-ion batteries and are also much cheaper and easier to make. Until some new power technology comes about, Lithium-ion batteries will always be the best choice for the electronics we use every day. This goes for your cell phone, your digital camera, and even your electric toothbrush. Conversely, the items we rely on to hold their charge for extended periods of time are best powered using Lithium batteries. Whether it’s a medical pacemaker or safety features like a smoke alarm, Lithium batteries are preferred as they last for so much longer. And, although we’d like to point out that it’s very rare, Lithium-ion batteries have been known to catch fire and explode, a feature we thankfully don’t see from Lithium batteries. ATTENTION：Pictures and articles are from the Internet, if there is any infringement, please contact us to delete it.
Aug
25
2021

LiFePO4 battery cell matching standard and unbalanced treatment method

1. Cell matching standard 1.1 After receiving the battery cell, leave its voltage empty and put it aside for a week before proceeding with the matching selection. 1.2 Cell standard: empty voltage 2.7±0.1v, 2.8±0.1v; internal resistance ≤1m Ω; capacity ≥100Ah 1.3 Matching standard: voltage difference≤0.1V; internal resistance≤0.5mΩ; capacity difference≤1Ah 2. Treatment method of unbalanced cells 2.1 If there is an unbalance during use, it needs to be balanced. First, test the voltage of the single string to find out the unbalanced string and see if the voltage of the single string is too high or the voltage of the single string is too low. Then proceed to the next step. 2.2 If the voltage of a single string is too high, discharge the entire battery pack to protective voltage. Then, test the voltage of a single string, and use an adjustable load to discharge the battery voltage. Just make it similar with the other 15 strings. Or use a resistor to discharge. (Note: If you use an adjustable load, you need to pay attention to its voltage state to prevent the voltage from being over-discharged, which will lead to scrap; if you use a resistor to discharge, the resistor has its own over-discharge protection. But if you use a resistor for too long and so many times, you can use a single battery to discharge to test whether it is still over-discharged protective.) （taking 16S for example) 2.3 If the voltage of a single string is low, and the remaining voltages are high, the entire battery pack needs to be discharged, and the adjustable power supply is used to charge the low string of batteries. The charging current can be larger than the discharging current. (Note: When using an adjustable power supply, set the voltage to be 3.65V. The current is variable. Note that the voltage needs to be tested at any time. When the voltage is similar with other voltages, please stop discharging.) 2.4 If the entire battery pack is discharged to the protective voltage without protection, it means that the BMS has been damaged and needs to be replaced. 4S protection voltage: 8-10V; 8S protection voltage: 16-20V; 12S protection voltage: 24-30V; 16S The protection voltage: 32-40V. The minimum over-discharge protective voltage of a single cell is 2.0V; (If the voltage is as low as these voltages, please stop using it in time to prevent damage to the cell by putting the cell to 0V without any protection)
Aug
04
2021

Performance of Lithium Iron Phosphate

High Energy Density Its theoretical specific capacity is 170 mAh/g, and the actual specific capacity of the product can exceed 140 mAh/g (0.2C, 25°C); Safety It is the safest cathode material for lithium-ion batteries; does not contain any heavy metal elements harmful to the human body; Long Life Under the condition of 100% DOD, it can charge and discharge more than 2000 times; (reason: lithium iron phosphate lattice stability is good, the insertion and extraction of lithium ions have little effect on the lattice, so it has good reversibility. Existing shortcomings The electrode has poor ion conductivity, which is not suitable for high-current charging and discharging, and is hindered in application. The solution: coating the electrode surface with conductive material and doping to modify the electrode.) The service life of a lithium iron phosphate battery is closely related to its use temperature. Too low or too high a use temperature will cause great hidden dangers in the charging and discharging process and use process. Especially used in electric vehicles in northern China, in autumn and winter, the lithium iron phosphate battery cannot supply power normally or the power supply is too low, and its working environment temperature needs to be adjusted to maintain its performance. The domestic solution to the constant temperature working environment of lithium iron phosphate batteries requires consideration of space limitations. The most common solution is to use aerogel felt as an insulation layer. Charging Performance The lithium battery with lithium iron phosphate cathode material can be charged at a high rate, and the battery can be fully charged within 1 hour at the fastest. Specific physical parameters: Bulk density: 0.7g/cm³ Tap density: 1.2g/cm³ Median diameter: 2-6um Specific surface area: less than 30m^2/g Smear parameters: LiFePo4:C:PVDF=90:3:7 Compaction density of pole piece: 2.1-2.4g/cm³ Electrochemical performance: Gram capacity: greater than 155mAh/g Test conditions: half-cell, 0.2C, voltage 4.0-2.0V Cycle life: more than 2000 times ATTENTION：Pictures and articles are from the Internet, if there is any infringement, please contact us to delete it.
Jul
13
2021

What is a good Battery Management System and Why is it important?

As the name explains, in simple words it is an electronic board which sits with the battery and manages, controls, protects the power flow from and to the battery. The main motive of having a BMS is to keep the battery safe. Now, Batteries as you know are a power source having some chemicals inside which give out electrical energy. This electrical energy may be used for any application. The most prominent application nowadays is the usage of batteries in Electric Vehicles. Perception In the Electric Vehicle domain, the battery users generally don’t worry much about this board in detail, if it just states that the circuit will be cut-off during any emergency situation, it seems more than sufficient to them. If it only has to protect, it would rather be called a Battery Protection Board. Significance Apart from the over-limit protection, a good BMS is also responsible for State of Charge estimation, State of Health estimation, Cell Balancing, Depth of Discharge control, State of power estimation, Data logging for cycle life monitor etc. The significance of a BMS can be determined by how accurately it conveys information about what happens inside a battery to the user/controller in order to have the most efficient use of the power source. Scenarios When we drive a petrol vehicle, we see the petrol analog meter or just open the tank lid and judge how many kilometres are left or up to which destination we can drive with the left fuel. But with EVs it is going to be slightly different. Battery behavior is not the same as of that of fuel, nowadays where lithium ion batteries are majorly used, it is not so simple to measure what exact capacity is remaining and how long will it last. So just imagine at any point while driving you actually do not know how long you can drive it for. That’s a serious issue! Not only for you but accurate estimations and measurements give a very important feedback to the controllers in the vehicle which in turn take the protective actions. It reduces the risk of damage up to a great extent. It is so calculated that an optimized performance of the battery increases the lifetime of the battery as well. That’s how important it is to read the battery properly, use it and feed it the way it needs. Approach The first and foremost people who need to consider this are the vehicle manufacturers and later the customers who are buying the vehicle. The demand of locally made solutions are important to support the manufacturers as well. All in all, if we forecast a future of EVs it is important to build the industry. ATTENTION：Pictures and articles are from the Internet, if there is any infringement, please contact us to delete it.
Jul
07
2021

What are lithium batteries and how do they work?

What are lithium ion batteries, what are they made of and what are the benefits compared to other battery storage technologies? What are lithium batteries and how do they work? Lithium batteries – what are they made from and what are its pros and cons? First proposed in the 1970s and produced commercially by Sony in 1991, lithium batteries are now used in mobile phones, airplanes and cars. Despite several advantages which have lead them to increasing success in the energy industry, lithium ion batteries have some drawbacks and are a topic that elicits much discussion. But what exactly are lithium batteries and how do they work? What are lithium batteries made of? A lithium battery is formed of four key components. It has the cathode, which determines the capacity and voltage of the battery and is the source of the lithium ions. The anode enables the electric current to flow through an external circuit and when the battery is charged, lithium ions are stored in the anode. The electrolyte is formed of salts, solvents and additives, and serves as the conduit of lithium ions between the cathode and anode. Finally there is the separator, the physical barrier that keeps the cathode and anode apart. Pros and cons of lithium batteries Lithium batteries have a much higher energy density than other batteries. They can have up to 150 watt-hours (WH) of energy per kilogram (kg), compared to nickel-metal hydride batteries at 60-70WH/kg and lead acid ones at 25WH/kg. They also have a lower discharge rate than others, losing around 5% of their charge in a month compared to a nickel-cadmium (NiMH) batteries which lose 20% in a month. However, lithium batteries also contain a flammable electrolyte that can cause small scale battery fires. It was this that caused the infamous Samsung Note 7 smartphone combustions, which forced Samsung to scrap production and lose $26bn in market value. It should be noted that this has not happened to large scale lithium batteries. Lithium-ion batteries are also more expensive to produce, as they can cost nearly 40% more to produce than nickel-cadmium batteries. ATTENTION：Pictures and articles are from the Internet, if there is any infringement, please contact us to delete it.
Jun
03
2021

LITHIUM IRON PHOSPHATE VS LITHIUM-ION: DIFFERENCES AND ADVANTAGES

When using power sources to run embedded components, it's not always simple to pop in a fresh set of batteries. Newer technologies, from smartphones to electric vehicles to portable power tools, require batteries that can hold a significant amount of energy, be lightweight enough to carry or move, and be safe for the user. Lithium batteries offer all these benefits for portable electronics, vehicles, medical equipment, and even grid energy storage. Lithium-ion and Lithium iron phosphate are two types of batteries used in today's portable electronics. While they both share some similarities, there are major differences in high-energy density, long life cycles, and safety. Most people are familiar with lithium-ion as they most likely own a smartphone, tablet, or PC. Lithium iron phosphate is a newer type of battery gaining recognition in the manufacturing industries due to its cost-effective materials and stability with high temperatures. Chemistries Of Lithium Iron Phosphate And Lithium-Ion Charge and discharge rates of a battery are governed by C-rates. The capacity of a battery is commonly rated at 1C, meaning that a fully charged battery rated at 1Ah should provide 1A for one hour. The same battery discharging at 0.5C should provide 500mA for two hours, and at 2C it delivers 2A for 30 minutes. Lithium-Ion Lithium-ion can consist of two different chemistries for the cathode, lithium manganese oxide or lithium cobalt dioxide, as both have a graphite anode. It has a specific energy of 150/200 watt-hours per kilogram and a nominal voltage of 3.6V. Its charge rate is from 0.7C up to 1.0C as higher charges can significantly damage the battery. Lithium-ion has a discharge rate of 1C. ithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4) Lithium iron phosphate has a cathode of iron phosphate and an anode of graphite. It has a specific energy of 90/120 watt-hours per kilogram and a nominal voltage of 3.20V or 3.30V. The charge rate of lithium iron phosphate is 1C and the discharge rate of 1-25C. What Are The Energy Level Differences? There are significant differences in energy when comparing lithium-ion and lithium iron phosphate. Lithium-ion has a higher energy density at 150/200 Wh/kg versus lithium iron phosphate at 90/120 Wh/kg. So, lithium-ion is normally the go-to source for power hungry electronics that drain batteries at a high rate. On the other hand, the discharge rate for lithium iron phosphate outmatches lithium-ion. At 25C, lithium iron phosphate batteries have voltage discharges that are excellent when at higher temperatures. The discharge rate doesn't significantly degrade the lithium iron phosphate battery as the capacity is reduced. Life Cycle Differences Lithium iron phosphate has a lifecycle of 1,000-10,000 cycles. These batteries can handle high temperatures with minimal degradation. They have a long life for applications that have embedded systems or need to run for long lengths of time before needing to be charged. For lithium-ion, the higher energy density makes it more unstable, especially when dealing with higher operating temperature environments. It has a life cycle of 500-1,000 cycles as it can be negatively impacted based on the operating temperature of the electronics or working components. Long-Term Storage Benefits When it comes to storing unused batteries, it is important to pick a chemistry that doesn't lose its charge over long periods of time. Instead, the battery should give close to the same charge performance as when it is used for over a year. Both lithium iron phosphate and lithium ion have good long-term storage benefits. Lithium iron phosphate can be stored longer as it has a 350-day shelf life. For lithium-ion, the shelf life is roughly around 300 days. Safety Advantages Of Lithium Iron Phosphate Manufacturers across industries turn to lithium iron phosphate for applications where safety is a factor. Lithium iron phosphate has excellent thermal and chemical stability. This battery stays cool in higher temperatures. It is also incombustible when it is mishandled during rapid charges and discharges or when there are short circuit issues. Lithium iron phosphate does not normally experience thermal runaway, as the phosphate cathode will not burn or explode during overcharging or overheating as the battery remains cool. However, the chemistry of lithium-ion does not have the same safety advantages as lithium iron phosphate. Its high energy density has the disadvantage of causing the battery to be unstable. It heats up faster during charging as a lithium-ion battery can experience thermal runaway. Another safety advantage of lithium iron phosphate involves the disposal of the battery after use or failure. A lithium-ion battery made with a lithium cobalt dioxide chemistry is considered a hazardous material as it can cause allergic reactions to the eyes and skin when exposed. It can also cause severe medical issues when swallowed. So, special disposal considerations must be made for lithium-ion. On the other hand, lithium iron phosphate is nontoxic and can be disposed of more easily by manufacturers. Applications For Lithium Iron Phosphate And Lithium-Ion Lithium iron phosphate is sought after for any electronics or machines where safety and longevity are desired but doesn't need an extremely high energy density. Electric motors for vehicles, medical devices, and military applications where the technology will experience higher environmental temperatures. Lithium iron phosphate is also ideal for applications that are more stationary as the battery is slightly heavier as well as bulkier than lithium-ion, although it can be used in some portable technologies. Lithium iron phosphate may not be selected for applications where portability is a major factor due to its extra weight. For smartphones, laptops, and tablet devices, lithium-ion batteries are used. Any high-energy device that needs the best performance on the first day can benefit from the chemistry found on lithium-ion batteries. Besides looking for the right energy sources based on portability, safety and energy density, manufacturers also must consider the costs during the production of electronics as well as during disposal. Many manufacturers will select lithium iron phosphate as the cheaper battery alternative. The batteries cost less due to the safer iron phosphate chemistry as manufacturers don't have to spend more money to recycle the materials. Lithium Offering A Range Of Benefits Advances in battery technologies has placed lithium chemistry at the head of the pack for being the best power source for high energy use devices that are portable. It's long shelf life and the benefit in providing a continuous source of power over long periods of time is why both lithium-ion and lithium iron phosphate are reliable alternatives. Currently, lithium batteries are still on the pricey side when compared to nickel metal hydride an nickel cadmium batteries. Yet, the long life of lithium batteries can equal out the initial high costs. For manufacturers trying to decide whether lithium-ion or lithium iron phosphate will be ideal for applications, consider these key factors: -Highest energy density: lithium-ion -Good energy density and lifecycle: lithium iron phosphate -Stable chemical and thermal chemistry: lithium iron phosphate -No thermal runaway and safe when fully charged: lithium iron phosphate -Portability and lightweight characteristics: lithium-ion -Long life: lithium iron phosphate and lithium-ion -Low costs: lithium iron phosphate Also, take the operating environment into serious consideration as well as any vibration issues that may be experienced. These instances may influence a manufacturer's choices as the chemistry stability that lithium iron phosphate offers are superior than that of lithium-ion. ATTENTION：Pictures and articles are from the Internet, if there is any infringement, please contact us to delete it.
May
24
2021

Best Fishing Places In Europe

There’s nothing quite like fishing for the first time in a new place. For any angler, whether aspiring or full of experience, fishing is a precious activity that helps them relax. What could be better for them than combining tourism and their favorite pastime? Fortunately for those who enjoy fishing, there are great places in Europe that feature a variety of fish. If you’re planning to make your next vacation all about fishing, we can help you decide where to go. Let’s have a look at our list of 5 best fishing Places in Europe to enjoy: 1. Fishing Places In Sweden If you want to fish in Sweden, you needn’t look much further than Stockholm for great fishing places. For example, Stromgatan is right in the middle of the city, and it has a great view. You can look upon the Swedish parliament building and the Gamla stan while fishing. Another urban place is the Hammarby Sjostad upon Hammarby lake, a popular neighborhood in Stockholm. It has plenty of great fishing places and is easily accessible from the city. However, if you want a more classic nature fishing experience, you won’t have to drive far from Stockholm. Ringsjon Lake offers some beautiful fishing places where you can catch whitefish and rainbow trout. Drevviken is another quiet lake close to Stockholm, similar to Ringsjon. A tremendous and sustainable place to fish, Drevviken Lake won’t disappoint you. You could also head to the Stockholm archipelago and the island of Galo, which is a true isolated paradise. You can camp and fish there to your heart’s content, enjoying the archipelago’s nature. 2. Fishing Places In France France is a beautiful country for just about any activity, so it’s no wonder fishing in France is also great. One of the most prominent fishing locations is Lac du Bourget, France’s deepest and largest lake. It’s an impressive place because it houses over 30 species of fish. Among them, trout, zander, pike, and perch stand out. The lake is truly a jewel of the Rhone-Alps region. Then there is the Bassin d’Arcachon on the south-western coast of France — for those who enjoy saltwater fishing. Beautiful sunrises, crystal-clear waters, and sea bass are just some of the things that you can expect at Arcachon. Anglers from abroad love Lake Der-Chantecoq, right in the heart of the Champagne region, relatively close to Paris. It’s a great place for beginners, although old pros frequent the lake because of giant carp. Other notable French places include La Rance River and Alder. Both are popular as great destinations to take your family on a fishing trip. 3. Fishing Places In Italy When in Italy, you might as well look for some of the best fishing places in Europe. The region of Le Marche offers some great fishing, especially at Cingoli, Pioraco, and Sefro. They’re some of the most beautiful Italian lakes for fishing, containing trout, pike, and carp, among other species. However, when it comes to lakes, there’s also Lake Como up north, with its pike and perch. Let’s not forget about the biggest Italian river, the Po. It houses giant catfish and big carps that would entice any angler. In Tuscany, the rivers are the most prominent fishing places. Lima and Sieve are great places to fish for trout and grayling. For those anglers who prefer fishing on the open waters, there are two great fishing places in Italy. The Egadi Islands of Sicily and the coast of Sardinia will both stun you with their beauty and the quality of fishing they provide. Look for blue-fin tuna and Sicilian swordfish in the Mediterranean, and amber-jack, snapper, and Garrick in the Tyrrhenian Sea. 4. Fishing Places In The UK The United Kingdom is a stunning place, offering some great fishing places in the unspoiled wild beauty of the isles. If you want an amazing catch, the UK might be the right place for you. But which place should you pick? One of the most prominent places in Dartmoor, Devon. With such an evocative name, you can’t fail to imagine the experience of fishing for hungry fish in dark streams. The river Tyne in Northumberland has a color that offers you a distinct advantage against the sea trout living there. That makes this river perfect for daylight fishing and the biggest sea trout catch. River Clettwr close to the border of England and Wales is going to be the most attractive place for adventurers. Look no further if you want to work hard for your catch in rough waters. The situation is somewhat more accessible at Strangford Lough, County Down. It’s the UK’s largest sea loch swarming with mackerel, pollock, and haddock, among others. Assynt might be the most awe-inspiring place of all — nestled under big mountains, with both saltwater and freshwater fishing options. Fionn Loch is a great place to fish for native brown trout. 5. Fishing Places In Germany Germany certainly deserves its place on the list of the best fishing places in Europe. With so many big rivers and lakes, it would be a wonder if it didn’t make the list. Some of the most popular locations for fishing in Germany have to include the Danube area. In the 8 kilometers long Bavaria Danube area, you can catch a vast diversity of fish. For more river fishing, the Rhine and the Elbe, especially at Baden-Wurttemberg and Sachsen-Anhalt, respectively, the experience is amazing. However, if you prefer lake fishing, there’s always lake Chiemsee and Lake Starnberg. Both are quite deep, with plenty of pike, trout, and bream. For all anglers with an itch to travel, there are ways to combine their two great loves. Europe offers plenty of places to make a great catch and enjoy nature and bustling cities alike. ATTENTION：Pictures and articles are from the Internet, if there is any infringement, please contact us to delete it.